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Problem
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More than 75% of crops worldwide are dependent on pollinators like honey bees
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Honey bees are responsible for over $20 billion in crop production annually in the US
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However, honey bees are in decline due to a variety of factors, with neonicotinoid pesticides being a prominent cause
Neonicotinoids account for more than 25% of
pesticide use worldwide
They act by binding to nicotinic acetylcholine
receptors which causes over-stimulation of the
nervous system leading to paralysis and death
Cannot distinguish between beneficial
insects vs pests which leads to honey bee decline
(Chang, B.H., Daugherty, L., & Mitchell, A. (2013). Bee afraid , bee very afraid-
neonicotinoids and the nAChRs family.)
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